• North–South Asymmetries in Earth’s Magnetic Field. Effects on High-Latitude Geospace 

      Laundal, Karl Magnus; Cnossen, Ingrid; Milan, Stephen Eric; Haaland, Stein; Coxon, John C.; Pedatella, Nick; Förster, Matthias; Reistad, Jone Peter (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017-03)
      The solar-wind magnetosphere interaction primarily occurs at altitudes where the dipole component of Earth’s magnetic field is dominating. The disturbances that are created in this interaction propagate along magnetic field ...
    • The Polar Wind Modulated by the Spatial Inhomogeneity of the Strength of the Earth's Magnetic Field 

      Li, Kun; Förster, Matthias; Rong, Zhaojin; Haaland, Stein; Kronberg, E.; Cui, Jun; Chai, Lihui; Wei, Yong (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      When the geomagnetic field is weak, the small mirror force allows precipitating charged particles to deposit energy in the ionosphere. This leads to an increase in ionospheric outflow from the Earth's polar cap region, but ...